• System Design Introduction
  1. What?Why?How?When?Where?
  2. Framework/Template 
• Fundamentals
  1. Horizontal vs Vertical Scaling 
  2. Capacity Planning/Estimation 
  3. Client-Server Communication
  4. Monolithic vs Microservices
• Performance Metrics
  1. Latency | Throughput | Bandwidth | Response Time
  2. Fault vs Failure

• Proxy
  1. Proxy | Forward Proxy | Reverse Proxy
• Load balancing
  1. Introduction
  2. Types of Load balancers
  3. Load Balancing Methods
  4. Stateless vs stateful Load Balancers
• Databases
  1. Schema Design
  2. Locking
  3. Indexing
  4. Query Performance Tuning
  5. SQL vs NoSQL
  6. Use Cases of Relational and Non Relational Databases
  7. OLTP vs OLAP
  8. Short Poll | Long Poll | Web Sockets | Server Sent Events
• Data Sharding and Strategies
  1. Vertical
  2. Horizontal
• Data Replication
  1. Leader – Leader
  2. Leader- Slave

• Concurrency Control and Transaction
  • Pessimistic vs Optimistic lock
• CAP theorem
  • Concept
  • Use Cases
• Consistent hashing
• Caching
  • Cache Patterns
  • Cache Eviction Policies
• CDN
  • Introduction
  • Benefits of CDN
  • Design of a CDN to real applications
• Messaging Queue
  • Kafka Internals
  • RabbitMQ Internals
  • Difference between Kafka and RabbitMQ
• Pub-sub
• Distributed Search
  • Elastic Search

• API
  1. Define API and Signature
  2. API POST/GET/PATCH/DELETE
  3. HTTP Codes
  4. REST API – Filters and Pagination
  5. Convert Sync API to Async for scaling
• Distributed Logging

Case Studies and Assignments:

1. Design Rate Limiter:

   • Preventing abuse and ensuring fair usage of resources by limiting the rate at which requests are processed.
   • Key Components: Distributed counters, sliding window algorithm, distributed caching.

2. Design Twitter:

   • Building a scalable social media platform that handles millions of users, tweets, and interactions.
   • Key Components: Sharding, timelines, follower graph, real-time notifications.

3. Design Tiny URL:

   • Creating a URL shortening service that converts long URLs to short, shareable links.
   • Key Components: Hashing algorithms, key-value storage, expiration policies.

4. Design Distributed File System:

   • Building a distributed file system that allows storing and retrieving large files across multiple nodes.
   • Key Components: Metadata servers, data nodes, replication, data partitioning.

5. Design Online Shopping Platform:

   • Creating an e-commerce platform that supports browsing products, adding to cart, and processing orders.
   • Key Components: Product catalog, user profiles, shopping cart, order processing.

6. Design Ride-Sharing Service:

   • Developing a ride-hailing platform that matches drivers with passengers and handles real-time ride requests.
   • Key Components: Geolocation, trip matching algorithm, surge pricing, driver dispatch.

7. Design Content Delivery Network (CDN):

   • Building a distributed network to efficiently deliver web content to users worldwide.
   • Key Components: Edge servers, caching, load balancing, request routing.

8. Design Video Streaming Service:

   • Creating a video streaming platform that delivers high-quality videos to a large number of concurrent viewers.
   • Key Components: Content distribution, adaptive bitrate streaming, video transcoding.